Aristotle distinguishes six main forms of government: three major (monarchy, aristocracy, polity) and three derived for degeneration (respectively, tyranny, oligarchy and democracy). The monarchy is the government of one man, who thinks the common good, government tyranny is the only one who thinks only of his own interests, the aristocracy is the government of the best on the oligarchy, the government the rich; policy, the government of the masses, understood as the armed men, the government of the poor democracy (Politics III 7, 1279th-b). For
Cicero, the best government is governed by the most virtuous, are many (aristocracy) or one (monarchy). Among the three possible forms of government (monarchy, aristocracy and democracy) should be preferred to monarchy ( Rep . 45, 69), although it is not without limits. The People's Government is to be discarded because it is impossible that all citizens are virtuous. And the same goes for the government of the rich. Indeed, there is "no state look more distorted than they are estimated good of the richest "( Rep . 45, 69). Cicero also believes that the three main forms of government can degenerate "by the monarchy is the rule stems from factions oligarchy, democracy disruption and confusion" ( Rep . 45, 69). Now, as the main forms of government fees tend to drift, Cicero shows how best form of government that 'mixed', which reconciles "all three of the best types of constitution" ( Rep . 45, 69).
Until the sixteenth century, this view remains dominant. Even Bodin, in fact, recognizes three legitimate forms of government: "democracy, aristocracy, monarchy direction "(1997: 446). In theory, "democracy is the regime, beautiful, worthy and perfect" (1997: 446). In fact, not only democratic equality is impossible, but it also contrasts with the natural diversity of the people. In addition, the masses are unable to achieve good government, nor are they able to deal with urgent business of the state's timeliness (Bodin 1997: 448ss).
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